The essence
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the first one beyond Earth's orbit. It takes about 687 days to circle the Sun, so it usually spends six or seven weeks in a sign. Roughly every two years it turns retrograde, and then it can stay in a single sign for six months or more. Its red color comes from iron oxide in its dust, rust in plain terms. Its two small moons are named Phobos and Deimos, fear and dread, after the sons of the war god.
The Romans named the planet for Mars, their god of war, who was also a guardian of farmland and of Rome itself. The Greeks knew him as Ares, a harsher and less honored figure.
Astrologically, Mars is the principle of directed force: the ability to assert, pursue, start, and defend. It covers anger, but also courage, lust, ambition, and the plain will to survive. Mars is the difference between a wish and a decision. Venus knows what it likes, and Mars goes and gets it. The Moon cherishes, and Mars guards the door.


